The Hardest Working Vet Blog in Indianapolis

Convenience Euthanasia and Uncomfortable Questions

thinker cat

“Tuxedo Cat as The Thinker “- Original acrylic on watercolor paper by Nancy Denomme

You probably don’t want to read this post. It’s not warm and fuzzy. Fair warning.

There are a few topics that routinely rattle around my brain, day in and day out, because I’m not just punching the clock here, I’m trying to change the world for the better. Financing veterinary care is one of them, euthanasia is another.

Both topics plague me daily because they speak to the core of what veterinarians do.

We received a phone call recently, a “new client” who had inherited a cat. Realizing I could not get both sides of this story, and will only ever know the client’s viewpoint, this is what we were told:

The client had taken this cat to another local veterinary clinic because it was peeing all over her house. The other clinic failed to get blood and urine samples from the cat, because it was too aggressive to handle. That was fine with the client, though, because she didn’t have the money to pay for tests and treatments anyway. She asked the other clinic to euthanize the cat, and they refused on the grounds of a self-made policy that prohibited “convenience euthanasia”.

Where do we draw the line on “convenience”?

Some animal lovers insist you don’t truly “love” pets unless you’re willing to accept a certain level of discomfort. If you don’t like cat pee, you shouldn’t be allowed to get a cat in the first place, because some day, the cat may pee on your stuff, and if it does, you’d darn well be willing to suffer through it. If the cat is peeing because he’s developed diabetes, you darn well be willing to pay to treat him, give him shots twice a day, force syringe feed him if he stops eating, etc. etc. etc. ad nauseum.

If you can’t immediately afford treatment for your pets, you must be willing to rack up any available form of credit, and sell everything you own, to get your pet treated.

I mean, either you take care of them forever no matter what, or… maybe not. Where’s the line?

Perhaps a little extreme, but you get the idea. It’s easy to say “you took on the responsibility, so you ought to see it through” when you’re judging someone else. Not so easy when the cat is peeing on YOUR kitchen counter. Or your couch. Or your kid’s bedroom carpet.

Or when it’s your money on the table.

Pets are forever. Aren’t they?

Should this woman be forced to take care of an animal she did not seek to bring into her home?

Let’s recognize for the moment, that this woman, perhaps foolishly, agreed to take in someone else’s cat; obviously unable to predict today’s pee issue. She didn’t go out there to get a cat, she thought she was “rescuing” one and doing a good deed.

“Pets are forever” is all well and good, and a pious stance, but it doesn’t always work.

(This is an incredibly common, heartbreaking consequence of the overuse, and misuse, of the term “rescue”. I’m not sure it’s so wise to push pet lovers to believe that the only acceptable method of bringing a pet into your home is to remove an unwanted animal from an uncomfortable situation. Or that every. single. pet. adopted from the shelter, or “bought from a bad breeder to get it out of there”, or “rescued” off of Craigslist, qualifies as a “rescue”. But that’s a blog for another day.)

Someone else’s problem

Given the opportunity, would you adopt this exact cat knowing it may pee all over your house?

Assuming this cat has a treatable medical condition, are you willing to foot the bill?

Perhaps your first instinct is to say “if unwilling to rehome the cat herself, this woman should at the very least take him to the animal shelter and let them find him a home.”

It’s easy to insist someone else should take care of problems, that we ourselves are unwilling to take on.

The cold reality is, all the animal shelters are full. Full of healthy, young, vibrant, non-peeing cats who need a couple bucks worth of cat food every week and a clean litter box, and not much more. How much of the shelter system’s resources should be put into animals who had a chance and found themselves unwanted, when there are so many euthanized every day who never even get that first chance?

An inconvenient truth

Buying a cat (or a dog) from a breeder means a cat in the shelter, who might have otherwise been adopted into your home, must be euthanized. Makes sense, right? It’s simple math. Stopping yourself from getting cat “A” allows you to get cat “B”. Therefore, don’t shop, adopt. It’s an easy, catchy catch phrase.

If your conscience is happy with that, try this logical corollary: keeping your old, sick dog, or your unhappy, peeing cat, even if you don’t want them anymore, means a perfectly healthy and well-adjusted dog or cat at the shelter, who might otherwise have been adopted into your home, must be euthanized.

Not so easy to jump on that bandwagon, is it? But is that question really so different from “don’t shop, adopt”? Where is the line?

The logic is uncomfortably consistent. Filling your home with pet “A” instead of pet “B” means pet “B” will be euthanized. Who deserves to die more? Who ought to have the right to choose? Perhaps the person willing to give either “A” or “B” a home, but not both, should be allowed to choose which they prefer? Or should we, as society, tell them which pet they must keep, until (natural, of old age) death do they part?

Consider a (different) owner, who actually wants a cat. What if she gets one extremely grumpy or peeing cat, who cannot tolerate others and apparently is too scared to live? Should that owner keep that cat, or trade it in and open her home to five from the shelter who all get along, saving those five from euthanasia?

You may not like this question, and you may wish to push it from your mind. But please recognize that veterinarians are forced to have discussions like this with clients every day.

Does constant fear qualify as suffering?

What’s best for the cat?

Perhaps rather than jumping on the “pets are forever” bandwagon, or the “someone else’s problem” bandwagon, you default to asking yourself what is best for the animal. After all, shouldn’t veterinarians be advocates for the pet first?

That’s true, we should. But our conclusions as to what is best for the cat, may not necessarily match yours.

What if this unwanted cat is peeing on this woman’s stuff because he’s living in constant fear, and he misses his original mommy and daddy, and he doesn’t understand why he’s in this strange woman’s home? What if he is forever doomed to live a life of constant anxiety, every day peeing from sheer panic, his little heart racing? Anxiety is clearly far and away the most common cause of inappropriate urination, as we have discussed many times before. Is it better to insist this woman force the forever-scared cat to live in fear, or should she end his emotional suffering?

There is no magic pill that will take all this cat’s problems away. No magical place where scared animals can free themselves of Earthly woes and live a life of paradise. Well, OK, depending on your religious views, there is this one place…

If a veterinary clinic doesn’t euthanize the cat, who will?

The most uncomfortable aspect of this situation, for me at least, is knowing that if we don’t put this woman’s unwanted cat to sleep, she’ll either toss him outside or take him to the shelter. I realize we have some excellent shelters in Indianapolis, and there is a fine chance he will find a lovely home, but… maybe not. If his primary problem is anxiety, is it better to send him to yet another facility, this time lined wall to wall with other cats, and no certain future of ever leaving?

Some days, advocating for our patients means helping them die young, rather than live a long and unhappy life.

One final thought

I don’t have any answers to these questions, but this is the kind of thing a veterinarian is forced to think about all day, every day.

So the next time you hear a story of the pet owner who wants to euthanize an unwanted animal, I’d ask that you put yourself in their shoes before passing judgment.

If something in this post strikes a chord, please feel free to leave your comments below. The world can’t change if we’re not willing to discuss and brainstorm alternative answers to uncomfortable questions.

About Greg Magnusson

Greg Magnusson DVM is Leo's daddy, and chief veterinarian at Leo's Pet Care. Please call 317-721-7387 to schedule a one-on-one consult for your furry family member!
  • laurie s

    Well-done and thoughtful! I do believe there are so many things that are worse for an animal than gently being euthanized in the hands of a caring vet. And, yes, for as hard as our shelters try to provide a safe haven, for many animals being put in a shelter falls into that category of ‘worse’ things. Two years ago, with a heavy heart, I took a pretty but antsocial and aggressive cat to ACC. I still know in my heart that the odds for her finding a happy home from ACC were slim. If I could have found a vet willing to help her from this life, I would have held her and stroked her while it happened. Thanks, Dr. Greg! You are a realist.

  • Jeri F

    Very well said! I think this also goes into quality over quantity of life… what kind of life is that poor cat going to have being bounced from home to shelter to home and then being tested and stressed over the testing when it more than likely is just a behavior issue… its horrible but its part of it I think. Thats one issue with our mind sets today let my problems be someone elses problems….

  • http://www.facebook.com/jennie.christensen Jennie Christensen

    Very good article! It brings up many uncomfortable positions people have about euthanasia. I agrre with your opinion about where shelter money should “best” be spent. If saving one dog will sap the shelter or rescues money and have a probable out come of a dog being in constant pain or discomfort for many months or years, or possibly not surviving, i believe that money is better spent promoting and feeding and caring for 10 + other dogs for a lot longer period of time who have a better out come of living an enjoyable life. Ending their lives doesnt have to be horrific, ending suffering and pain and discomfort, wether for the pet OR the animal caregiver can be THE best gift we can give them. The subject of unwanted horses is a huge debate in the horse world now, and as the economy is still depressed, and horses are a expensive pet to mantain, many vets are facing the decision to put down “healthy” horses. I stand strongly on the side that it is better to end a animals life BEFORE any suffering can happen, then to hope for the best in a rescue situation or pawn your problem horse onto someone else with a unclear vision of that horses’ future. Didnt we all watch Black Beauty as children? Dont you remember what happened to poor Ginger?

  • Christine

    Good points. It is definitely important to put yourself in the client’s shoes, but frankly, too many people are flakes & cheapskates where pets are concerned. Nice Coach purse & brand new iPhone, but heaven forbid you spend more than $20 on your pet or, better yet, do some research before you get a pet (ie, as much time as you spend deciding what TV to buy, for instance). Pets are not accessories of convenience & people need to be accountable & responsible, up to a point.

    • Pretty Pittie

      Refushing to euth for the carrier of the Coach purse may sound like the high road to many vets but I believe that is just another side to Jeri F’s comment about wanting to deflect the problem to someone, anyone else.
      Ms. Coach and her spouse may take the time take the animal to a shelter or try to get it into a rescue. A miracle might happen and they might even take the time to try and rehome the animal in a responsible fashion on their own.
      However, I would be willing to bet that far more of Mr. and Mrs. Coach’s pets end up dumped someplace with the vague thought that “they will survive on their own or find a kind farmer”. I think this is especially true for cats but dogs are equally at risk.

  • Melissa

    This is a subject that I have thought about for many years and you covered it in a very thoughtful manner. An experience I had years ago made me vow that I would never, ever euthanize for convenience. But then over the years I have seen situations that have made me question my thinking on this matter.

    When I was in my early 20′s I went to a home that had advertised aquariums and equipment for sale. I met a nice couple in their early 50′s who had just retired and planned to travel by RV for a couple of years, so they were selling their aquariums. When I arrived I was greeted by an enthusiastic, bright-eyed female sheltie. She was incredibly alert and well-behaved, and her owners mentioned that she was trained in Obedience and had earned her CDX. I was training my dog at the time, who had just earned her CD and we were struggling toward her CDX. So we had a nice conversation about dogs, and training. They gave me some tips and demonstrated with their dog, who performed sharply. She looked up at their faces for approval, and nearly burst with excitement when they praised her.

    I returned the following day with a truck to pick up the aquariums. The dog ran out enthusiastically to greet me. The owners and I played with her, and then they told me that sadly, she was being euthanized later that day. WHAT THE CRAP?? They explained that she was only 8 years old but since they were going to be traveling by RV they couldn’t take her, and their daughter was going to be living there she was only 22 (my age!) and not responsible enough to take care of the dog. So they decided to euthanize her rather than worry about her. They explained that they wouldn’t be able to enjoy their travel if they had to worry about whether she was being taken care of properly.

    That was 20 years ago and I can still remember my shock and disbelief, and that smart little dog’s bright eyes and wagging tail.

  • http://www.facebook.com/lee.roberts.777 Lee Roberts

    Being an outdoor cat isn’t the worst thing in the world. If I were a cat, I’d definitely prefer to take my chances over being euthanized.

    • http://www.leospetcare.com/ Greg Magnusson, DVM

      Dr. Roberts, to your knowledge, is it Animal Care and Control’s policy to turn cats out onto the street that are not chosen for the adoption floor?

      • http://www.facebook.com/lee.roberts.777 Lee Roberts

        I am not talking about turning a cat out onto the street. I am talking about an outdoor cat provided with food an shelter by its human. I believe cats aplenty live happily this way.

        • http://www.leospetcare.com/ Greg Magnusson, DVM

          I believe you are commenting on a different topic altogether from what this blog post is discussing. I’ve sent you a message inviting you to share your experience with the state of feral cats in Indianapolis, and look forward to publishing your thoughts!

          • http://www.facebook.com/lee.roberts.777 Lee Roberts

            Thank you for the invite. I am commenting on the specific case and cat in this blog, however. I think if inappropriate urination is confirmed to be behavioral, becoming an outdoor cat is a viable alternative. When euthanasia cases present themselves that are not medically indicated, I feel it’s our duty to the animal to explore all other options.

  • Pretty Pitty

    Having been on the other side of what was termed a “convenience” euthanasia I appreciate your frank discussion on the subject. I ran a home based bully breed specific rescue for many years and my husband was an ACO for much of that time so I think I speak from experience when I say I have seen first-hand that there are fates much worse than a painless (if early) death.

    In the first instance a dog I placed had a bit incident. It wasn’t a serious bite but it was a bite and person bit was a child in the home. In hindsight this particular dog probably wasn’t a good fit for the home but what was done was done. The dog was returned to me and as I cannot place a dog that now has a bite history the decision was made to euth. I took the dog back to the shelter I pulled her from and she was euthed by strangers in a stressful environment. I swore I would never do that again. I took responsibility when I pulled the dog and I would see that responsibility to the end – whatever that end may be.

    Fast forward to another shelter pull. This dog was an owner surrender and by all accounts had been a normal dog in the owner’s home. However, in my home he was so anxiety ridden he was doing serious damage to himself and in my opinion seemed to live in a constant state of fear and misery. He was utterly and completely unplaceable so the decision was made to euth.

    However, multiple vets (including my normal rescue vet) refused to euth a “healthy” dog. I had agonized for weeks before I arrived at the decision to euth, I was an experienced rescuer who was realistic about what I could and could not handle. To have that decision questioned by people who did not live with this dog on a daily basis only added to the pain of the decision. I finally ended up with an older vet in a rural practice who’s euth protocols I did not agree with but at least he was willing to do what was needed.

    So what is “healthy”? This dog lived every day in a state of misery and fear. That does not sound healthy to me nor as the person responsible for this dog could I sit by and watch him suffer. Yet I was treated as though there were something wrong with ME that I couldn’t either a) fix this dog or b) agree to let him live in misery in my home for the remainder of his days.

    So again, thank you for bringing this issue to light and bringing up some good points around which (hopefully) a good conversation can be had. For what it is worth I think mental well being is as, if not more, important that physical well being when considering euthanasia. I have seen many an owner keep an animal going with the best medical care money can buy long after the animal has lost any enjoyment or engagement in life.

  • Karyl Eggert

    Having worked as a Tech in a clinic for a number of years we were faced with similar dilemmas . we had to take them on a case by case basis. Sometimes the healthy cat coming in to be euthanized became the clinic cat..or cats as it proved to be. It is a hard subject, but the key here is not to judge someone unless you have walked in their shoes. There may be other options that you can present to a client, but the Vet office that referred to the lady’s cat problem as a “convenient euthanasia” didn’t seem to be very compassionate either. I have a problem with the terminology “convenient” as I doubt there are very few cases where a decision like this is even remotely an convenience.

  • Penny Hammack

    I was given a cat by a friend who couldn’t keep him because he and her other cat didn’t get along. I had named him Tripper and had him neutered and vaccinated and brought him home to live with me and my other cat. On a subsequent vet visit it was discovered that he had FIV. My other cat had been vaccinated so I tried to tough it out. But…I couldn’t keep Tripper in the house – he would knock me down to get out any time he got a chance. I didn’t want him to pass FIV on to other cats in the neighborhood. Finally I reached the very difficult decision to have him euthanized.

  • http://twitter.com/VetChangesWorld VetChangesWorld

    “The world can’t change if we’re not willing to discuss and brainstorm alternative answers to uncomfortable questions.” – Love this.

    “Where is the line?” still implies that there *is* a line.

    Even if we put ourselves in the owner’s shoes, I think there are some morally reprehensible requests for euthanasia. As a veterinary assistant I heard an owner tell a doctor they wanted to put their cat down because she wanted it “to pay” for peeing on her expensive rug. As a veterinarian I had a client want to put down an otherwise healthy, happy 2 year old cat because her mild diarrhea was making a mess in the house. The owner could or would not pay for a fecal test or deworming. While yes, it is technically possible that cat had T. feotus and would have chronic diarrhea for years, there was a better chance that the cat had something treatable or that it would get better on its own.

    It is important to get a good history and exam to assess the likelihood of differentials and their potential impact on the pet and people involved. We weigh the pet’s quality of life during treatment, the likely outcomes of treatment, the owner’s quality of life (which includes financial and emotional hardships of treatment), the pet’s odds of rehoming and the quality of it’s life after rehoming.

    We SHOULD give the owner the benefit of the doubt, exactly for the reasons you described, it’s not our pet, our money, our home. However, sometimes even when we weigh all those concerns and give the owner the benefit of the doubt, it still doesn’t make sense to put a pet to sleep.

    We know that many inappropriately eliminating cats suffer from underlying stress. What if your story had been about an aggressive dog that could not be handled in the hospital and had been urinating when it slept? Does it make a difference if they likely have hormonal incontinence with a excellent chance of responding to inexpensive medication?

    When we make these life or death decisions we also have to work with the right information. I worry that as a profession we assume a pet cannot be rehomed when they could be. I have not read the full academic article yet, but the conclusion of a recent JAVMA article suggests that some pet owners specifically seek “hard luck” or “special needs” pets.

    (see more at Dr. Coates PetMD blog – http://www.petmd.com/blogs/fullyvetted/2013/jan/how-to-define-an-adoptable-animal-pet-adoption#.UTvcpNEjrcZ))

    If a pet has a condition that is easily treatable or does not impact their quality of life, a condition that does not prevent rehoming, and a condition that a new owner is likely to address, I think euthanizing that pet is on the wrong side of the line.

    I *do* think that pet deserves that chance at life even if there are other pets in the shelter.

    We usually end up on the wrong side of the convenience euthanasia line due to a lack of education.

    “Some animal lovers insist you don’t truly “love” pets unless you’re willing to accept a certain level of discomfort.” – I agree!

    When you love someone or something you ARE willing to accept a certain level of discomfort for its sake. I bet you believe this too, people just differ on what level of discomfort should be acceptable.

    If someone bought a pet and would not accept the financial discomfort of paying for its food or providing shelter for it, we would call that abuse.

    I don’t expect someone who discovers their child has a deadly allergy to dogs to say “a pet is forever” and let their child suffer. But I think it is not unreasonable to expect owners to prepare for pet ownership and meet certain basic obligations.

    Perhaps the more important question is how can we help keep pets and their families happy and healthy so we can minimize the requests for “convenience euthanasia”.

    Just as you do every week on this blog, when we educate pet owners as to what to expect and how to prepare for pet ownership, we decrease the odds they get stuck in one of these hard situations.

    It won’t be perfect. We will always have the stories about people who wanted to euthanize their pets unfairly, people will give up their pets to the shelters for foreseeable or preventable reasons.

    However, as you said, we can’t change the world unless we are willing to discuss the uncomfortable questions.

    Perhaps the most uncomfortable question is what we could have done to prevent these euthanasias. You challenged us – are WE willing to adopt a diabetic cat? Do we find ways to help owners afford treatment? Are we talking to owners about obesity prevention *before* their pet is heavy and prone to diabetes?

    When we change the world, the best way is to start by changing ourselves.